Case of 48 yr old male with abdominal distention

This is an E log book to discuss our patients de-identified health data shared after guardians informed consent.

Here we discuss our individual patient problems through series of inputs from available global online community of experts with an aim to solve this patients clinical problems with collective current best evidence based inputs.

This E-book also reflects my patients centered online learning portfolio and your valuable comments in comment box are most welcome.

I have been given this case to solve in an attempt to understand the topic of " Patient clinical data analysis "to develop my competency and comprehending clinical data including history,clinical finding investigations and come up with a diagnosis and treatment plan.



A 48 year old male patient came to OPD with the following

Chief complaints:

Abdominal distension since 20 days 
Sob since 20 days 
Swelling of lower limbs since 20 days 
Decreased urine output since 3 days 


HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS

Patient was apparently asymptomatic 20 days back when he developed abdominal distension which was insidious in onset ,gradually progressed to present state,diffuse in type 

Distention is associated with SOB since 10 days initially while squatting currently even at rest(MMRC-grade-1to grade-4) ,distension doesn’t change with position ,not associated with orthopnea ,PND,abdominal pain ,vomiting.

Swelling of lower limbs since 15 days,Insidious in onset .Pitting type ,Initially involving only the feet later progressed Upto knees, Present throughout the day ,reduced on walking, no change at rest and raising the legs ,No Association with scrotal swelling.

 

No history of chest pain ,palpitations,facial puffiness .

History of high coloured urine since 20 days associated with decreased urine output since 10 days 

Not associated with burning micturation,pain ,increased frequency, urgency .

History of yellowish discolouration since 2 years ,Insidious in onset ,Gradually progressive ,associated with high coloured urine ,not associated with itching ,pale coloured stools .

No history of fever ,headache ,rash ,joint pains ,no history of change in sleep pattern ,confusion ,altered sensorium ,no history of blood in stools, melena ,constipation .


PAST HISTORY

History of two hospital visits in past two years 

History of generalised weakness ,abdominal distension two years back ,diagnosed to have chronic liver failure 

Received rehabilitation,Abstained from consuming alcohol for 1 year 

Started consuming alcohol ,followed by an episode of jaundice 1 year back with similar complaints of Generalised weakness ,abdominal distention 

Patient is a known case of  HTN since 10 years ,DM,TB,seizures ,heart diseases,thyroid abnormalities,

No history of blood transfusions,tattooing ,or chronic drug intake ,no history of recent travel 


FAMILY HISTORY

No similar complaints in the family


TREATMENT HISTORY

T.Telma 80mg initially 

Later was put on T.telma 40mg 

T.amlong 5 mg currently 

Atenolol 50 mg currently 


SURGICAL HISTORY 

No history of recent surgeries 


PERSONAL HISTORY


Diet -mixed 

Appetite -decreased 

Sleep -adequate 

Bowel and bladder -regular ,reduced output 

Addictions -alcoholic since 13 years 

Consumes 250-350 ml of whiskey everyday 


GENERAL EXAMINATION


Patient is conscious,coherent and co operative well oriented to time place and person 

patient is moderately nourished and moderately built 

Height -5’7

Weight -48kgs 


Pallor -absent 

Icterus -present involving the upper bulbar conjunctiva




Cyanosis - absent

Clubbing - absent

Koilonychia - absent

Pedal Edema - present







HEAD TO TOE EXAMINATION 

hair is normal 

No parotid swelling 

Palmar erythema- present 




Gynaecomastia -absent 

Pale coloured nails -present 

Tremors -absent 

spider naevi -present 




Petechae,purpurae -absent 

abdominal scar -no 


      Vitals


Temp - afebrile 

Heart Rate -72bpm

Pulse Pressure -130/90mmhg

Respiratory Rate -16cpm

 


SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION

PER ABDOMEN


INSPECTION

Abdomen is distended in shape  , with flank fullness 

Umbilicus is everted 

skin is normal 

Spider neavi are  present in upper back area 

no discolouration of skin ,engorged veins ,sinuses 

No visible peristalsis or pulsations 

Hernial orifices Normal 

 

PALPATION

Abdomen is non tender , with rise of temperature due to fever 

No guarding no Rigidity 

No organomegaly 


PERCUSSION


Liver 

Upper border of liver dullness is per used at the right 6th inter coastal space along the mid -clavicular line on full expiration and the lower border cannot be palpated 


Spleen 


Castell’s method - dullness is observed in 9 th ICS of any axillary line 

Fluid thrill -present 

Shifting dullness -present 

 

AUSCULATION

bowel sounds heard 


CNS

Conscious,coherent and cooperative 

Speech- normal

No signs of meningeal irritation. 

Cranial nerves- intact

Sensory system- normal 


Motor system:

Tone- normal

Power- bilaterally 5/5

Reflexes:                       Right                                  Left

Biceps                              ++                                      ++

Triceps                             ++                                      ++


Supinator                          ++                                      ++


Knee                                 ++                                      ++


Ankle                                ++                                      ++


CVS


INSPECTION

Shape of chest- elliptical 

No engorged veins, scars, visible pulsations

JVP -  raised


PALPATION

Apex beat can be palpable in 5th inter costal space

No thrills and parasternal heaves can be felt


AUSCULATION

S1,S2 are heard

no murmurs


RESPIRATORY SYSTEM


INSPECTION

Shape- elliptical 

B/L symmetrical , 

Both sides moving equally with respiration .

No scars, sinuses, engorged veins, pulsations 


PALPATION

Trachea - central

Expansion of chest is symmetrical. 

Vocal fremitus - reduced on left side in mammary ,axillary and infraxillary areas 

Percussion: stony dullness in left in left mammary ,axillary ,infraxillary areas 

Tidal percussion-resonant note 


AUSCULATION

bilateral air entry present.

Normal vesicular breath sounds heard.

Vocal resonance - reduced on left side mammary ,axillary ,infraaxillary areas


PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS

Acute decompensation of chronic liver disease with symptoms suggestive of portal hypertension and probably due to hepatitis secondary to alcohol, viral hepatitis.


DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

Viral hepatitis 

Toxin induced liver damage 

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

My experiences with general cellular and neural cellular pathology in a case based blended learning ecosystems

57 yr old female with fever and Burning Micturition

A case of 32 yr male with Rt sided pleural effusion